npm-outdated

检查过时的包

概要

¥Synopsis

npm outdated [<package-spec> ...]

描述

¥Description

此命令将检查注册表以查看当前是否有任何（或特定）已安装的包已过时。

¥This command will check the registry to see if any (or, specific) installed packages are currently outdated.

默认情况下，仅显示根项目的直接依赖和配置的工作区的直接依赖。也可以使用 --all 查找所有过时的元依赖。

¥By default, only the direct dependencies of the root project and direct dependencies of your configured workspaces are shown. Use --all to find all outdated meta-dependencies as well.

在输出中：

¥In the output:

• wanted 是满足 package.json 中指定的 semver 范围的包的最大版本。如果没有可用的 semver 范围（即你正在运行 npm outdated --global，或者该包未包含在 package.json 中），则 wanted 显示当前安装的版本。

  ¥wanted is the maximum version of the package that satisfies the semver range specified in package.json. If there's no available semver range (i.e. you're running npm outdated --global, or the package isn't included in package.json), then wanted shows the currently-installed version.

• latest 是在注册表中标记为最新的包的版本。在没有特殊配置的情况下运行 npm publish 将发布带有 latest 的 dist-tag 的包。这可能是也可能不是包的最高版本，或者是最近发布的包版本，这取决于包的开发者如何管理最新的 dist-tag。

  ¥latest is the version of the package tagged as latest in the registry. Running npm publish with no special configuration will publish the package with a dist-tag of latest. This may or may not be the maximum version of the package, or the most-recently published version of the package, depending on how the package's developer manages the latest dist-tag.

• location 是包在物理树中的位置。

  ¥location is where in the physical tree the package is located.

• depended by 显示哪个包依赖于显示的依赖

  ¥depended by shows which package depends on the displayed dependency

• package type（使用 --long / -l 时）告诉你这个包是 dependency 还是 dev/peer/optional 依赖。未包含在 package.json 中的包始终标记为 dependencies。

  ¥package type (when using --long / -l) tells you whether this package is a dependency or a dev/peer/optional dependency. Packages not included in package.json are always marked dependencies.

• homepage（使用 --long / -l 时）是包的包中包含的 homepage 值

  ¥homepage (when using --long / -l) is the homepage value contained in the package's packument

• 红色表示有更新的版本符合你的 semver 要求，因此你应该立即更新。

  ¥Red means there's a newer version matching your semver requirements, so you should update now.

• 黄色表示有高于你的 semver 要求的较新版本（通常是新的主要版本或新的 0.x 次要版本），因此请谨慎操作。

  ¥Yellow indicates that there's a newer version above your semver requirements (usually new major, or new 0.x minor) so proceed with caution.

一个示例

¥An example

$ npm outdated
Package      Current   Wanted   Latest  Location                  Depended by
glob          5.0.15   5.0.15    6.0.1  node_modules/glob         dependent-package-name
nothingness    0.0.3      git      git  node_modules/nothingness  dependent-package-name
npm            3.5.1    3.5.2    3.5.1  node_modules/npm          dependent-package-name
local-dev      0.0.3   linked   linked  local-dev                 dependent-package-name
once           1.3.2    1.3.3    1.3.3  node_modules/once         dependent-package-name

有了这些 dependencies：

¥With these dependencies:

{
  "glob": "^5.0.15",
  "nothingness": "github:othiym23/nothingness#master",
  "npm": "^3.5.1",
  "once": "^1.3.1"
}

需要注意的几点：

¥A few things to note:

• glob 需要 ^5，这会阻止 npm 安装超出 semver 范围的 glob@6。

  ¥glob requires ^5, which prevents npm from installing glob@6, which is outside the semver range.

• Git 依赖总是会被重新安装，因为它们是如何指定的。安装的 committish 可能满足依赖说明符（如果它是不可变的，例如提交 SHA），也可能不满足，因此 npm outdated 和 npm update 必须获取 Git 存储库进行检查。这就是为什么当前重新安装 Git 依赖总是会强制进行新的克隆和安装。

  ¥Git dependencies will always be reinstalled, because of how they're specified. The installed committish might satisfy the dependency specifier (if it's something immutable, like a commit SHA), or it might not, so npm outdated and npm update have to fetch Git repos to check. This is why currently doing a reinstall of a Git dependency always forces a new clone and install.

• npm@3.5.2 被标记为 "wanted"，但是 "latest" 是 npm@3.5.1，因为 npm 使用 dist-tags 来管理它的 latest 和 next 发布通道。npm update 将安装最新版本，但 npm install npm（没有 semver 范围）将安装标记为 latest 的任何内容。

  ¥npm@3.5.2 is marked as "wanted", but "latest" is npm@3.5.1 because npm uses dist-tags to manage its latest and next release channels. npm update will install the newest version, but npm install npm (with no semver range) will install whatever's tagged as latest.

• once 已经过时了。从头开始重新安装 node_modules 或运行 npm update 将使其符合规范。

  ¥once is just plain out of date. Reinstalling node_modules from scratch or running npm update will bring it up to spec.

配置

¥Configuration

all

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

运行 npm outdated 和 npm ls 时，设置 --all 将显示所有过时或已安装的包，而不仅仅是当前项目直接依赖的包。

¥When running npm outdated and npm ls, setting --all will show all outdated or installed packages, rather than only those directly depended upon by the current project.

json

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

是否输出 JSON 数据，而不是正常输出。

¥Whether or not to output JSON data, rather than the normal output.

• 在 npm pkg set 中，它可以使用 JSON.parse() 解析集合值，然后再将它们保存到你的 package.json。

  ¥In npm pkg set it enables parsing set values with JSON.parse() before saving them to your package.json.

并非所有 npm 命令都支持。

¥Not supported by all npm commands.

long

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

在 ls、search 和 help-search 中显示扩展信息。

¥Show extended information in ls, search, and help-search.

parseable

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

从写入标准输出的命令输出可解析的结果。对于 npm search，这将是制表符分隔的表格格式。

¥Output parseable results from commands that write to standard output. For npm search, this will be tab-separated table format.

global

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

在 "global" 模式下运行，以便将包安装到 prefix 文件夹而不是当前工作目录。有关行为差异的更多信息，请参见 文件夹。

¥Operates in "global" mode, so that packages are installed into the prefix folder instead of the current working directory. See folders for more on the differences in behavior.

• 包安装到 {prefix}/lib/node_modules 文件夹，而不是当前工作目录。

  ¥packages are installed into the {prefix}/lib/node_modules folder, instead of the current working directory.

• bin 文件链接到 {prefix}/bin

  ¥bin files are linked to {prefix}/bin

• 手册页链接到 {prefix}/share/man

  ¥man pages are linked to {prefix}/share/man

workspace

• 默认值：

  ¥Default:

• 类型：字符串（可以设置多次）

  ¥Type: String (can be set multiple times)

启用在当前项目的已配置工作区的上下文中运行命令，同时通过仅运行此配置选项定义的工作区进行过滤。

¥Enable running a command in the context of the configured workspaces of the current project while filtering by running only the workspaces defined by this configuration option.

workspace 配置的有效值为：

¥Valid values for the workspace config are either:

• 工作区名称

  ¥Workspace names

• 工作区目录的路径

  ¥Path to a workspace directory

• 父工作区目录的路径（将导致选择该文件夹中的所有工作区）

  ¥Path to a parent workspace directory (will result in selecting all workspaces within that folder)

为 npm init 命令设置时，可以将其设置为尚不存在的工作区的文件夹，以创建文件夹并将其设置为项目中的全新工作区。

¥When set for the npm init command, this may be set to the folder of a workspace which does not yet exist, to create the folder and set it up as a brand new workspace within the project.

此值不会导出到子进程的环境中。

¥This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.

也可以看看

¥See Also

• 包定义

  ¥package spec

• npm update

• npm dist-tag

• npm registry

• npm folders

• npm workspaces