目录
选择命令行版本:
目录
描述
¥Description
像 npm install
和 package.json
中的依赖部分这样的命令使用包名称说明符。这可以是许多不同的东西,都指的是 "包"。示例包括包名称、git url、tarball 或本地目录。在使用此包名称说明符的 npm 命令的帮助输出中,这些通常称为 <package-spec>
。
¥Commands like npm install
and the dependency sections in the package.json
use a package name specifier. This can be many different things that all refer to a "package". Examples include a package name, git url, tarball, or local directory. These will generally be referred to as <package-spec>
in the help output for the npm commands that use this package name specifier.
包名
¥Package name
-
[<@scope>/]<pkg>
-
[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<tag>
-
[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version>
-
[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version range>
按名称引用包,有或没有范围,以及可选的标记、版本或版本范围。这通常与 注册表 配置结合使用以引用注册表中的包。
¥Refers to a package by name, with or without a scope, and optionally tag, version, or version range. This is typically used in combination with the registry config to refer to a package in a registry.
示例:
¥Examples:
-
npm
-
@npmcli/arborist
-
@npmcli/arborist@latest
-
npm@6.13.1
-
npm@^4.0.0
别名
¥Aliases
<alias>@npm:<name>
主要由 npm install
之类的命令和 package.json
的依赖部分使用,this 通过别名引用包。<alias>
是在 node_modules
文件夹中具体化的包的名称,而 <name>
指的是在配置的注册表中找到的包名称。
¥Primarily used by commands like npm install
and in the dependency sections in the package.json
, this refers to a package by an alias. The <alias>
is the name of the package as it is reified in the node_modules
folder, and the <name>
refers to a package name as found in the configured registry.
有关按名称引用包的更多信息,请参阅上面的 Package name
,而 注册表 用于配置在按名称引用包时使用哪个注册表。
¥See Package name
above for more info on referring to a package by name, and registry for configuring which registry is used when referring to a package by name.
示例:
¥Examples:
-
semver:@npm:@npmcli/semver-with-patch
-
semver:@npm:semver@7.2.2
-
semver:@npm:semver@legacy
文件夹
¥Folders
<folder>
这是指本地文件系统上的包。具体来说,这是一个包含 package.json
文件的文件夹。这应该始终以 /
或 ./
(或你的操作系统等效项)为前缀,以减少混淆。npm 当前会将包含多个 /
的字符串解析为文件夹,但这是可能在未来版本中删除的旧版行为。
¥This refers to a package on the local filesystem. Specifically this is a folder with a package.json
file in it. This should always be prefixed with a /
or ./
(or your OS equivalent) to reduce confusion. npm currently will parse a string with more than one /
in it as a folder, but this is legacy behavior that may be removed in a future version.
示例:
¥Examples:
-
./my-package
-
/opt/npm/my-package
压缩包
¥Tarballs
-
<tarball file>
-
<tarball url>
示例:
¥Examples:
-
./my-package.tgz
-
https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-1.0.0.tgz
指的是 tarball 格式的包,可以在本地文件系统上或通过 url 远程。这是上传到注册表时包存在的格式。
¥Refers to a package in a tarball format, either on the local filesystem or remotely via url. This is the format that packages exist in when uploaded to a registry.
git url
-
<git:// url>
-
<github username>/<github project>
指 git repo 中的包。这可以是完整的 git url、git 速记或 GitHub 上的用户名/包。你可以通过附加 #ref
来指定 git 标记、分支或其他 git ref。
¥Refers to a package in a git repo. This can be a full git url, git shorthand, or a username/package on GitHub. You can specify a git tag, branch, or other git ref by appending #ref
.
示例:
¥Examples:
-
https://github.com/npm/cli.git
-
git@github.com:npm/cli.git
-
git+ssh://git@github.com/npm/cli#v6.0.0
-
github:npm/cli#HEAD
-
npm/cli#c12ea07
也可以看看
¥See also