npm-prune

删除无关的包

概要

¥Synopsis

npm prune [[<@scope>/]<pkg>...]

描述

¥Description

此命令删除 "extraneous" 包。如果提供了包名称，则仅删除与提供的名称之一匹配的包。

¥This command removes "extraneous" packages. If a package name is provided, then only packages matching one of the supplied names are removed.

无关的包是那些存在于 node_modules 文件夹中的包，它们没有被列为任何包的依赖列表。

¥Extraneous packages are those present in the node_modules folder that are not listed as any package's dependency list.

如果指定了 --omit=dev 标志或 NODE_ENV 环境变量设置为 production，则此命令将删除你的 devDependencies 中指定的包。

¥If the --omit=dev flag is specified or the NODE_ENV environment variable is set to production, this command will remove the packages specified in your devDependencies.

如果使用 --dry-run 标志，则实际上不会进行任何更改。

¥If the --dry-run flag is used then no changes will actually be made.

如果使用 --json 标志，则 npm prune 所做的更改（或将使用 --dry-run 所做的更改）将打印为 JSON 对象。

¥If the --json flag is used, then the changes npm prune made (or would have made with --dry-run) are printed as a JSON object.

在正常操作中，无关的模块会被自动修剪，因此你只需要带有 --production 标志的此命令。然而，在现实世界中，操作并不总是 "normal"。当发生崩溃或错误时，此命令可以帮助清理任何产生的垃圾。

¥In normal operation, extraneous modules are pruned automatically, so you'll only need this command with the --production flag. However, in the real world, operation is not always "normal". When crashes or mistakes happen, this command can help clean up any resulting garbage.

配置

¥Configuration

omit

• 默认值：'dev' 如果 NODE_ENV 环境变量设置为 'production'，否则为空。

  ¥Default: 'dev' if the NODE_ENV environment variable is set to 'production', otherwise empty.

• 类型："dev"、"optional"、"peer"（可多次设置）

  ¥Type: "dev", "optional", or "peer" (can be set multiple times)

要从磁盘上的安装树中省略的依赖类型。

¥Dependency types to omit from the installation tree on disk.

请注意，这些依赖仍会被解析并添加到 package-lock.json 或 npm-shrinkwrap.json 文件中。它们只是没有物理安装在磁盘上。

¥Note that these dependencies are still resolved and added to the package-lock.json or npm-shrinkwrap.json file. They are just not physically installed on disk.

如果一个包类型同时出现在 --include 和 --omit 列表中，那么它将被包括在内。

¥If a package type appears in both the --include and --omit lists, then it will be included.

如果生成的省略列表包含 'dev'，则 NODE_ENV 环境变量将针对所有生命周期脚本设置为 'production'。

¥If the resulting omit list includes 'dev', then the NODE_ENV environment variable will be set to 'production' for all lifecycle scripts.

include

• 默认值：

  ¥Default:

• 类型："prod"、"dev"、"optional"、"peer"（可多次设置）

  ¥Type: "prod", "dev", "optional", or "peer" (can be set multiple times)

允许定义要安装的依赖类型的选项。

¥Option that allows for defining which types of dependencies to install.

这是 --omit=<type> 的倒数。

¥This is the inverse of --omit=<type>.

--include 中指定的依赖类型将不会被忽略，无论命令行中指定省略/包含的顺序如何。

¥Dependency types specified in --include will not be omitted, regardless of the order in which omit/include are specified on the command-line.

dry-run

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

表示你不希望 npm 进行任何更改，并且它应该只报告它会做的事情。这可以传递到任何修改本地安装的命令中，例如 install、update、dedupe、uninstall 以及 pack 和 publish。

¥Indicates that you don't want npm to make any changes and that it should only report what it would have done. This can be passed into any of the commands that modify your local installation, eg, install, update, dedupe, uninstall, as well as pack and publish.

注意：其他网络相关命令不支持此功能，例如 dist-tags、owner 等。

¥Note: This is NOT honored by other network related commands, eg dist-tags, owner, etc.

json

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

是否输出 JSON 数据，而不是正常输出。

¥Whether or not to output JSON data, rather than the normal output.

• 在 npm pkg set 中，它可以使用 JSON.parse() 解析集合值，然后再将它们保存到你的 package.json。

  ¥In npm pkg set it enables parsing set values with JSON.parse() before saving them to your package.json.

并非所有 npm 命令都支持。

¥Not supported by all npm commands.

foreground-scripts

• 默认值：false 除非使用 npm pack 或 npm publish 时默认为 true

  ¥Default: false unless when using npm pack or npm publish where it defaults to true

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

在前台进程中运行已安装包的所有构建脚本（即 preinstall、install 和 postinstall）脚本，与主 npm 进程共享标准输入、输出和错误。

¥Run all build scripts (ie, preinstall, install, and postinstall) scripts for installed packages in the foreground process, sharing standard input, output, and error with the main npm process.

请注意，这通常会使安装运行速度变慢，并且噪音更大，但对调试很有用。

¥Note that this will generally make installs run slower, and be much noisier, but can be useful for debugging.

ignore-scripts

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

如果为 true，npm 不会运行 package.json 文件中指定的脚本。

¥If true, npm does not run scripts specified in package.json files.

请注意，如果设置了 ignore-scripts，则明确旨在运行特定脚本的命令（例如 npm start、npm stop、npm restart、npm test 和 npm run-script）仍将运行其预期的脚本，但它们不会运行任何前置或后置脚本。

¥Note that commands explicitly intended to run a particular script, such as npm start, npm stop, npm restart, npm test, and npm run-script will still run their intended script if ignore-scripts is set, but they will not run any pre- or post-scripts.

workspace

• 默认值：

  ¥Default:

• 类型：字符串（可以设置多次）

  ¥Type: String (can be set multiple times)

启用在当前项目的已配置工作区的上下文中运行命令，同时通过仅运行此配置选项定义的工作区进行过滤。

¥Enable running a command in the context of the configured workspaces of the current project while filtering by running only the workspaces defined by this configuration option.

workspace 配置的有效值为：

¥Valid values for the workspace config are either:

• 工作区名称

  ¥Workspace names

• 工作区目录的路径

  ¥Path to a workspace directory

• 父工作区目录的路径（将导致选择该文件夹中的所有工作区）

  ¥Path to a parent workspace directory (will result in selecting all workspaces within that folder)

为 npm init 命令设置时，可以将其设置为尚不存在的工作区的文件夹，以创建文件夹并将其设置为项目中的全新工作区。

¥When set for the npm init command, this may be set to the folder of a workspace which does not yet exist, to create the folder and set it up as a brand new workspace within the project.

此值不会导出到子进程的环境中。

¥This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.

workspaces

• 默认值：null

  ¥Default: null

• 类型：空值或布尔值

  ¥Type: null or Boolean

设置为 true 可在所有已配置工作区的上下文中运行该命令。

¥Set to true to run the command in the context of all configured workspaces.

显式将此设置为 false 将导致像 install 这样的命令完全忽略工作区。未明确设置时：

¥Explicitly setting this to false will cause commands like install to ignore workspaces altogether. When not set explicitly:

• 在 node_modules 树上运行的命令（安装、更新等）会将工作区链接到 node_modules 文件夹。* 执行其他操作（测试、执行、发布等）的命令将在根项目上运行，除非在 workspace 配置中指定了一个或多个工作区。

  ¥Commands that operate on the node_modules tree (install, update, etc.) will link workspaces into the node_modules folder. - Commands that do other things (test, exec, publish, etc.) will operate on the root project, unless one or more workspaces are specified in the workspace config.

此值不会导出到子进程的环境中。

¥This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.

include-workspace-root

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

为命令启用工作区时包括工作区根。

¥Include the workspace root when workspaces are enabled for a command.

当为 false 时，通过 workspace 配置指定单个工作区，或通过 workspaces 标志指定所有工作区，将导致 npm 仅在指定的工作区上运行，而不是在根项目上运行。

¥When false, specifying individual workspaces via the workspace config, or all workspaces via the workspaces flag, will cause npm to operate only on the specified workspaces, and not on the root project.

此值不会导出到子进程的环境中。

¥This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.

install-links

• 默认值：false

  ¥Default: false

• 类型：布尔值

  ¥Type: Boolean

设置文件时：协议依赖将作为常规依赖打包和安装，而不是创建符号链接。此选项对工作区没有影响。

¥When set file: protocol dependencies will be packed and installed as regular dependencies instead of creating a symlink. This option has no effect on workspaces.

也可以看看

¥See Also

• npm uninstall

• npm folders

• npm ls