选择命令行版本：
🌐 Description
像 npm install 这样的命令以及 package.json 中的依赖部分使用包名说明符。这可以是许多不同的东西，都指代“包”。示例包括包名、git URL、压缩包或本地目录。在使用此包名说明符的 npm 命令的帮助输出中，这些通常会被称为 <package-spec>。
🌐 Commands like npm install and the dependency sections in the package.json use a package name specifier. This can be many different things that all refer to a "package". Examples include a package name, git url, tarball, or local directory. These will generally be referred to as <package-spec> in the help output for the npm commands that use this package name specifier.
🌐 Package name
[<@scope>/]<pkg>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<tag>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version range>指通过名称引用一个包，可以带或不带作用域，并可选择标签、版本或版本范围。通常与 registry 配置结合使用，以引用注册表中的包。
🌐 Refers to a package by name, with or without a scope, and optionally tag, version, or version range. This is typically used in combination with the registry config to refer to a package in a registry.
示例：
🌐 Examples:
npm@npmcli/arborist@npmcli/arborist@latestnpm@6.13.1npm@^4.0.0🌐 Aliases
<alias>@npm:<name>主要用于类似 npm install 的命令以及 package.json 中的依赖部分，这指的是通过别名引用的包。<alias> 是包在 node_modules 文件夹中实际存在的名称，而 <name> 指的是在配置的注册表中找到的包名称。
🌐 Primarily used by commands like npm install and in the dependency sections in the package.json, this refers to a package by an alias. The <alias> is the name of the package as it is reified in the node_modules folder, and the <name> refers to a package name as found in the configured registry.
有关按名称引用软件包的更多信息，请参见上文的 Package name，有关配置在按名称引用软件包时使用哪个注册表，请参见 registry。
🌐 See Package name above for more info on referring to a package by name, and registry for configuring which registry is used when referring to a package by name.
示例：
🌐 Examples:
semver:@npm:@npmcli/semver-with-patchsemver:@npm:semver@7.2.2semver:@npm:semver@legacy🌐 Folders
<folder>这指的是本地文件系统上的一个包。具体来说，这是一个包含 package.json 文件的文件夹。这个路径 应该 始终以 / 或 ./（或你的操作系统的等效名称）作为前缀，以减少混淆。npm 当前会将包含多个 / 的字符串解析为文件夹，但这是可能在将来版本中移除的旧有行为。
🌐 This refers to a package on the local filesystem. Specifically this is a folder with a package.json file in it. This should always be prefixed with a / or ./ (or your OS equivalent) to reduce confusion. npm currently will parse a string with more than one / in it as a folder, but this is legacy behavior that may be removed in a future version.
示例：
🌐 Examples:
./my-package/opt/npm/my-package🌐 Tarballs
<tarball file><tarball url>示例：
🌐 Examples:
./my-package.tgzhttps://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-1.0.0.tgz指以 tar 包格式存在的软件包，可以位于本地文件系统上，也可以通过 URL 远程获取。这是软件包上传到注册表时的存在格式。
🌐 Refers to a package in a tarball format, either on the local filesystem or remotely via url. This is the format that packages exist in when uploaded to a registry.
🌐 git urls
<git:// url><github username>/<github project>指的是 git 仓库中的一个包。这可以是完整的 git URL、git 简写，或者 GitHub 上的用户名/包。你可以通过在末尾添加 #ref 来指定 git 标签、分支或其他 git 引用。
🌐 Refers to a package in a git repo. This can be a full git url, git shorthand, or a username/package on GitHub. You can specify a git tag, branch, or other git ref by appending #ref.
示例：
🌐 Examples:
https://github.com/npm/cli.gitgit@github.com:npm/cli.gitgit+ssh://git@github.com/npm/cli#v6.0.0github:npm/cli#HEADnpm/cli#c12ea07🌐 See also