npmrc

npm 配置文件

选择命令行版本：

描述

¥Description

npm 从命令行、环境变量和 npmrc 文件获取其配置设置。

¥npm gets its config settings from the command line, environment variables, and npmrc files.

npm config 命令可用于更新和编辑用户和全局 npmrc 文件的内容。

¥The npm config command can be used to update and edit the contents of the user and global npmrc files.

有关可用配置选项的列表，请参阅配置。

¥For a list of available configuration options, see config.

文件

¥Files

四个相关文件是：

¥The four relevant files are:

每个项目的配置文件（/path/to/my/project/.npmrc）

¥per-project config file (/path/to/my/project/.npmrc)
每个用户的配置文件 (~/.npmrc)

¥per-user config file (~/.npmrc)
全局配置文件 ($PREFIX/etc/npmrc)

¥global config file ($PREFIX/etc/npmrc)
npm 内置配置文件 (/path/to/npm/npmrc)

¥npm builtin config file (/path/to/npm/npmrc)

所有 npm 配置文件都是 key = value 参数的 ini 格式列表。可以使用 ${VARIABLE_NAME} 替换环境变量。例如：

¥All npm config files are an ini-formatted list of key = value parameters. Environment variables can be replaced using ${VARIABLE_NAME}. For example:

prefix = ${HOME}/.npm-packages

这些文件中的每一个都已加载，并且配置选项按优先级顺序解析。例如，userconfig 文件中的设置将覆盖 globalconfig 文件中的设置。

¥Each of these files is loaded, and config options are resolved in priority order. For example, a setting in the userconfig file would override the setting in the globalconfig file.

通过在键名后添加 "[]" 来指定数组值。例如：

¥Array values are specified by adding "[]" after the key name. For example:

key[] = "first value"
key[] = "second value"

注释

¥Comments

.npmrc 文件中的行以 ; 或 # 字符开头时被解释为注释。.npmrc 文件由 npm/ini 解析，npm/ini 指定此注释语法。

¥Lines in .npmrc files are interpreted as comments when they begin with a ; or # character. .npmrc files are parsed by npm/ini, which specifies this comment syntax.

例如：

¥For example:

# last modified: 01 Jan 2016
; Set a new registry for a scoped package
@myscope:registry=https://mycustomregistry.example.org

每个项目的配置文件

¥Per-project config file

在项目中本地工作时，项目根目录中的 .npmrc 文件（即 node_modules 和 package.json 的兄弟）将设置特定于该项目的配置值。

¥When working locally in a project, a .npmrc file in the root of the project (ie, a sibling of node_modules and package.json) will set config values specific to this project.

请注意，这仅适用于你正在运行 npm 的项目的根目录。当你的模块发布时，它不起作用。例如，你不能发布强制自身全局安装或安装在不同位置的模块。

¥Note that this only applies to the root of the project that you're running npm in. It has no effect when your module is published. For example, you can't publish a module that forces itself to install globally, or in a different location.

此外，在全局模式下不会读取此文件，例如在运行 npm install -g 时。

¥Additionally, this file is not read in global mode, such as when running npm install -g.

每个用户的配置文件

¥Per-user config file

$HOME/.npmrc（或 userconfig 参数，如果在环境或命令行中设置）

¥$HOME/.npmrc (or the userconfig param, if set in the environment or on the command line)

全局配置文件

¥Global config file

$PREFIX/etc/npmrc（或 globalconfig 参数，如果在上面设置）：此文件是 key = value 参数的 ini 文件格式列表。可以如上所述替换环境变量。

¥$PREFIX/etc/npmrc (or the globalconfig param, if set above): This file is an ini-file formatted list of key = value parameters. Environment variables can be replaced as above.

内置配置文件

¥Built-in config file

path/to/npm/itself/npmrc

这是一个不可更改的 "builtin" 配置文件，npm 在更新时保持一致。使用 npm 附带的 ./configure 脚本在此处设置字段。这主要是为了分发维护者以标准和一致的方式覆盖默认配置。

¥This is an unchangeable "builtin" configuration file that npm keeps consistent across updates. Set fields in here using the ./configure script that comes with npm. This is primarily for distribution maintainers to override default configs in a standard and consistent manner.

认证相关配置

¥Auth related configuration

设置 _auth、_authToken、username 和 _password 都必须限定在特定注册表范围内。这可确保 npm 永远不会将凭据发送到错误的主机。

¥The settings _auth, _authToken, username and _password must all be scoped to a specific registry. This ensures that npm will never send credentials to the wrong host.

完整名单是：

¥The full list is:

_auth（base64 认证字符串）

¥_auth (base64 authentication string)
_authToken（身份验证令牌）

¥_authToken (authentication token)
username
_password
email
certfile（证书文件的路径）

¥certfile (path to certificate file)
keyfile（密钥文件的路径）

¥keyfile (path to key file)

为了限定这些值的范围，它们必须以 URI 片段为前缀。如果凭证用于对单个主机上的注册表的任何请求，则范围可能类似于 //registry.npmjs.org/:。如果必须将其范围限定为主机上的特定路径，则还可以提供该路径，例如 //my-custom-registry.org/unique/path:。

¥In order to scope these values, they must be prefixed by a URI fragment. If the credential is meant for any request to a registry on a single host, the scope may look like //registry.npmjs.org/:. If it must be scoped to a specific path on the host that path may also be provided, such as //my-custom-registry.org/unique/path:.

; bad config
_authToken=MYTOKEN

; good config
@myorg:registry=https://somewhere-else.com/myorg
@another:registry=https://somewhere-else.com/another
//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=MYTOKEN
; would apply to both @myorg and @another
; //somewhere-else.com/:_authToken=MYTOKEN
; would apply only to @myorg
//somewhere-else.com/myorg/:_authToken=MYTOKEN1
; would apply only to @another
//somewhere-else.com/another/:_authToken=MYTOKEN2

也可以看看

¥See also