在 package.json 文件中指定 dependencies 和 devDependencies

要指定你的项目所依赖的包，你必须在包的 package.json 文件中将它们列为 "dependencies" 或 "devDependencies"。当你（或其他用户）运行 npm install 时，npm 将下载 package.json 中列出的满足每个列出的 语义版本 要求的 dependencies 和 devDependencies。要查看将安装哪个版本的包，请使用 semver 计算器。

¥To specify the packages your project depends on, you must list them as "dependencies" or "devDependencies" in your package's package.json file. When you (or another user) run npm install, npm will download dependencies and devDependencies that are listed in package.json that meet the semantic version requirements listed for each. To see which versions of a package will be installed, use the semver calculator.

• "dependencies"：你的应用在生产中所需的包。

  ¥"dependencies": Packages required by your application in production.

• "devDependencies"：仅用于本地开发和测试的包。

  ¥"devDependencies": Packages that are only needed for local development and testing.

将依赖添加到 package.json 文件

¥Adding dependencies to a package.json file

你可以从命令行或通过手动编辑 package.json 文件将依赖添加到 package.json 文件。

¥You can add dependencies to a package.json file from the command line or by manually editing the package.json file.

从命令行向 package.json 文件添加依赖

¥Adding dependencies to a package.json file from the command line

要从命令行将 dependencies 和 devDependencies 添加到 package.json 文件，你可以使用 --save-prod 标志用于 dependencies（npm install 的默认行为）或 --save-dev 标志用于 devDependencies 将它们安装在包的根目录中。

¥To add dependencies and devDependencies to a package.json file from the command line, you can install them in the root directory of your package using the --save-prod flag for dependencies (the default behavior of npm install) or the --save-dev flag for devDependencies.

要将条目添加到 package.json 文件的 "dependencies" 属性，请在命令行上运行以下命令：

¥To add an entry to the "dependencies" attribute of a package.json file, on the command line, run the following command:

要将条目添加到 package.json 文件的 "devDependencies" 属性，请在命令行上运行以下命令：

¥To add an entry to the "devDependencies" attribute of a package.json file, on the command line, run the following command:

手动编辑 package.json 文件

¥Manually editing the package.json file

要将 dependencies 添加到 package.json 文件，请在文本编辑器中添加一个名为 "dependencies" 的属性，该属性引用每个 dependency 的名称和 语义版本：

¥To add dependencies to a package.json file, in a text editor, add an attribute called "dependencies" that references the name and semantic version of each dependency:

{
  "name": "my_package",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "dependencies": {
    "my_dep": "^1.0.0",
    "another_dep": "~2.2.0"
  }
}

要将 devDependencies 添加到 package.json 文件，请在文本编辑器中添加一个名为 "devDependencies" 的属性，该属性引用每个 devDependency 的名称和 语义版本：

¥To add devDependencies to a package.json file, in a text editor, add an attribute called "devDependencies" that references the name and semantic version of each devDependency:

"name": "my_package",
"version": "1.0.0",
"dependencies": {
  "my_dep": "^1.0.0",
  "another_dep": "~2.2.0"
},
"devDependencies" : {
  "my_test_framework": "^3.1.0",
  "another_dev_dep": "1.0.0 - 1.2.0"
}